Learn Pashto For Beginners / Intermediate/advanced Levels Pashto Language Course

[Qrratugai]

Plz Q, it's zhanrrkai, for halak!
And centipede is 'zanza', kha.

Zanza!!!! That's what it was!

[daurangir]

And it still is!




___________________________

[aimal khan]

lesson no 9

verb and tenses

verb is considered to be the most important part of speech.it tells us about noun or pronoun, what they do or how they exist.verb determines person, mood, tense, perfection or continuity etc.

infinitive < masdar

in urdu or persian we also call it masdar. in english it is preceded by to as to go, to eat, to sit etc. in urdu its symbol is na at the end of the word as jana, khana, bhetna etc, in persian its symbol is n at the end of a word as raftan, khurdan, nashistan etc

in pushtu its symbol is L at the end of the word as

tlal < to go

khwarhal<to eat
Lambal > To take a bath

Achawal > To wear

Lustal/Lwastal > To read

Leekal > To write

Oodakeedal > to sleep

khandeedal > to laugh

Jarheedal > to cry

Mrheedal > To Die

khenastal< to sit

to read, Lustal/ Lwalal.... to wash, Weenzal.... to stand, Udreedal... to get up,Paseedal... to fly, Alootal... to draw, Aks jorhol... to become, Jorheedal... to catch, Neesal... to give, Warkol... to bring,Rawastal... to leave, Prekhadal... to learn, Zda kol.... to start, Shuroo kol... to continue,Shuroo saatal... to offer, Warkol..... to try, Koshish kol... to ask, Tapos kol...

Kol is also read as Kawal


this infinitive then takes many shapes as we use verb in different places

[aimal khan]

tense shows time of action or existence
like many languages pushtu has 3 major tenses
present<<<<<<<<< oosanai zamana/da wakht
past<<<<<<<<<<<<< tera shawi zamana/ter shaway wakht
future<<<<<<<<<<< rarawana zamana/rarawan wakht

present tense

present indifinite tense

i eat <<<<<<<<<za khwram
we eat<<<<<<<<< mong/j khworo
you eat<sing.<< ta khwray
you eat<plural.<<< taso khwrai
he/she eats <<<<<< hagha khwree
they eat<<<<<<<<<< haghoi khwree

go home > za korta zam

He/she goes home > hagha korta zee

They go home. > Haghoi korta zee

We go home.> Moong korta zoo

You (sing) go home > ta korta ze

You (plu) go home > Tasu korta zai

the verb go tlal in pushtu is a bit different ,IN the sentences above the masdar tlaal has very different shapes zam, zoo, zey, zee

to learn < zda kawal it is a compound verb made of two words

i learn, za zda kawoom

we learn, mong/j zda kawoo

she/he learns,hagha zda kawee

they learn, haghoi zda kawee

you learn (sing),ta zda kaway

u learn (plural) taso zda kawai
masdar to see < katal again like tlal katal has very different shapes

i see, za goram< in southern parts u may also here za kasam for za goram and so on

we see, mong goroo

she/he sees, they see, haga/ haghoi goree

you see(sing.), ta goray

u see (plural) taso gorai

to live < jwand kawal or jwanday kadal or jwand terawal

i live, za jwanday yam

to listen click here.6DE_za_goram.mp3

yam is translation for am in english and so on and its exact translation in english will be i m living (person)

we live, mong jwandee yoo

she/he lives, hagha jwanday day/ da

they live, haghoi jwandee dee

you live (sing.), ta jwanday ye

u live (plural) tasoo jwandee yai

to cook is pakhawal

i cook,za pakhom

we cook, mong pakhawoo

he/she cooks, hagha pakhayee

they cook,haghoi pakhayee

you cook (sing), ta pakhay

u cook(plural) tasoo pakhawai

in english we have only one change for he/she as eats not eat but in pushtu we see that masdar khwarhal takes different shapes according to the person as khwram, khwroo,khwray, khwrai, khwree.
for lerners it imay be a bit difficult but with practice it will be ok. think about your first language, there will be also such changes in the infinitive.

[Qrratugai]

I have a brilliant idea. How about we choose at least one particular day, say Thursday, and write our posts in Pukhto ONLY (or try our best to do so). Ka sanga?

[daurangir]

I totally agree with Qrratogai's proposal. The present Puxto script is very important till we come up with a new or another time worn script preferred by occidentalists.

[Qrratugai]

Now, when are we gonna go over the days of the week? I learned them a while ago and forgot again I'm not talking about the "...shamba" names; I want the real Pukhto terms for them.
Anyone?

[aimal khan]

names of days in pashto are not uniformly used , different names are used in different regions of pashto speaking areas , in lessons ahead a detailed discussion is coming on this issue , however any contribution from another friend here will be most welcomed

[daurangir]

They can be changed like the French changed the names of months after the French Revolution. No big hassle.

[Dirojae]

i dont know..warkotwaali na we say gul,naha,shoro,ziaarat,juma,khali,itwaar...the shambas are dari words right??????????