Khan Baba
11-19-2006, 12:34 PM
I think we can discuss the famous Pukhtun kings and dynasties here in this thread. I will right with whatever knowledge I have and request you all to give your input, views and corrections where ever you deem necessary. The main sources of my research are “The Pathan” by Olaf Caroe and internet. I will also request Zahid Saib to invite SAK for more profound views.
Khilji Dynasty.
There are different views on the origin of Khiljies, some said they were Turkish slaves but according to the most authenticated sources, Khiljies were basically the present Ghiljies (the descendants of Bibi Mato, the daughter of Shaikh Bait and the beauty of her time) as rightly confirmed by Khushaal Khan Khattak:
“Bya Sultan Jalaluddin pa sarir kenast
che pa asal ke ghaljai da wilayat wo”
When Mehmood Ghaznavi came into power, he recruited many ghiljies/khiljie in his army (after conversion to Islam). Subsequently khiljies got more important place in their kingdom, they were responsible for the recruitment of army. The first Khilji king who got the rein in his hand was Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1202 but his dynasty could hardly survive for 20/25 years.
Jalaluddin Khilji took over the power in 1290 who was succeeded by his nephew The first real Khilji king Alauddin Khilji in 1296, who ruled the most part of subcontinent (more than all kings before and after him). The life of Khilji Dynasty remained from 1290 to 1321 AD.
Lodhi Dynasty.
This dynasty survived for 75 years (1451-1526). There has been an ebb and flow of different mughal dynasties between the period of Khiljis and emergence of Lodhis. When Taimur took over the power and captured Afghanistan, he enrolled Lodhis and Sheranis to capture India. That’s how Lodhis came into scene. The prominent figures in Lodhi dynasty are, Bahlul, Sikandar and Ibrahim. Khushaal Khan Khattak said,
“Da Bahlul aw da Sher Shah khabare awram,
Che pa Hind ke Pukhtana wo Badshahaan,
Shpag, awo (7) pairey yai hasse badshahi wa,
Che pa dwai pore drast khalaq wo hairan”
Sur Dynasty.
I have more material on Shersha Suri, so I will discuss that in separate thread. The dynasty remained from 1539 to 1555 AD. Sher Shah restored the Lodhi (Pukhtun) Dynasty by defeating Hamayun, the son of Babur, however after the death of Sher Shah, when his son Islam Shah took over, his other brother Adil Shah being elder to Islam was not happy and tried to create problems for Islam Shah. Though Islam Shah proved to be a capable king and like his father administered well, however after his death in 1554, there was much chaos and instability, which was exploited by Hamayun, this time coming from Afghanistan, took back the powers in 1555. And Pukhtun could not rise again till 18th century when Ahmad Shah Abdali established the new Kingdom in Afghanistan.
Khilji Dynasty.
There are different views on the origin of Khiljies, some said they were Turkish slaves but according to the most authenticated sources, Khiljies were basically the present Ghiljies (the descendants of Bibi Mato, the daughter of Shaikh Bait and the beauty of her time) as rightly confirmed by Khushaal Khan Khattak:
“Bya Sultan Jalaluddin pa sarir kenast
che pa asal ke ghaljai da wilayat wo”
When Mehmood Ghaznavi came into power, he recruited many ghiljies/khiljie in his army (after conversion to Islam). Subsequently khiljies got more important place in their kingdom, they were responsible for the recruitment of army. The first Khilji king who got the rein in his hand was Bakhtiyar Khilji in 1202 but his dynasty could hardly survive for 20/25 years.
Jalaluddin Khilji took over the power in 1290 who was succeeded by his nephew The first real Khilji king Alauddin Khilji in 1296, who ruled the most part of subcontinent (more than all kings before and after him). The life of Khilji Dynasty remained from 1290 to 1321 AD.
Lodhi Dynasty.
This dynasty survived for 75 years (1451-1526). There has been an ebb and flow of different mughal dynasties between the period of Khiljis and emergence of Lodhis. When Taimur took over the power and captured Afghanistan, he enrolled Lodhis and Sheranis to capture India. That’s how Lodhis came into scene. The prominent figures in Lodhi dynasty are, Bahlul, Sikandar and Ibrahim. Khushaal Khan Khattak said,
“Da Bahlul aw da Sher Shah khabare awram,
Che pa Hind ke Pukhtana wo Badshahaan,
Shpag, awo (7) pairey yai hasse badshahi wa,
Che pa dwai pore drast khalaq wo hairan”
Sur Dynasty.
I have more material on Shersha Suri, so I will discuss that in separate thread. The dynasty remained from 1539 to 1555 AD. Sher Shah restored the Lodhi (Pukhtun) Dynasty by defeating Hamayun, the son of Babur, however after the death of Sher Shah, when his son Islam Shah took over, his other brother Adil Shah being elder to Islam was not happy and tried to create problems for Islam Shah. Though Islam Shah proved to be a capable king and like his father administered well, however after his death in 1554, there was much chaos and instability, which was exploited by Hamayun, this time coming from Afghanistan, took back the powers in 1555. And Pukhtun could not rise again till 18th century when Ahmad Shah Abdali established the new Kingdom in Afghanistan.